CVE Database

DSpace open source software is a repository application which provides durable access to digital resources. Prior to versions 7.6.7, 8.4, 9.3, and 10.0, the Curation Task feature allows an output path to be used by the reporter (-r parameter), typically used to stream results and status of curation task operations. It is not restricted to any particular base path, meaning that any path writable by the DSpace (often 'tomcat') user is allowed. This constitutes a Path Traversal Vulnerability in the curate script. This issue has been patched in versions 7.6.7, 8.4, 9.3, and 10.0.

DSpace open source software is a repository application which provides durable access to digital resources. Prior to versions 7.6.7, 8.4, 9.3, and 10.0, when ingesting an aggregated ORE resource by URI (using the OAI-ORE Harvester), the ORE Ingestion Crosswalk does not validate the URI scheme. This may allow for local file inclusion via malicious paths like file:///etc/passwd. The attacker MUST already have DSpace collection administrator privileges in order to perform the attack. This issue has been patched in versions 7.6.7, 8.4, 9.3, and 10.0.

Boruta is a standalone authorization server that aims to implement OAuth 2.0 and Openid Connect up to decentralized identity specifications. Prior to version 0.10.0, BorutaIdentityWeb.UserSettingsController.update/2 atomizes every key of the user-supplied request body via String.to_atom/1 before any validation. Because String.to_atom interns atoms permanently in the BEAM atom table (default cap 1,048,576 atoms; ERL_MAX_ATOMS), any authenticated end user can send PUT /users/settings with a user[<fresh-key>]=... body containing fresh keys per request and exhaust the global VM atom table. Once the table is full, the BEAM aborts with no more index entries in atom_tab and the entire OIDC server (auth, admin, gateway apps in the umbrella) crashes. The route is protected only by require_authenticated_user and a per-IP rate limit of 10 requests/second; a logged-in end user can hit it. The keys are atomized unconditionally before the downstream Accounts.update_user/6 call, so even failing updates contribute to exhaustion. This issue has been patched in version 0.10.0.

agentverus-scanner fails to analyze compiled Python bytecode files in companion code directories, allowing attackers to bypass security scanning by shipping malicious __pycache__ entries alongside benign source files. Attackers can execute arbitrary Python bytecode on import while the scanner reports a CERTIFIED verdict with high trust scores in both static and semantic analysis modes.

claude-skill-antivirus fails to analyze executable files when scanning local skill directories, reading only SKILL.md while ignoring Python source, bytecode, and other artifacts in the scripts directory. Attackers can distribute skills with malicious code in non-manifest files that receive a SAFE verdict with 100/100 trust score despite containing unanalyzed executable payloads.

Tencent AI-Infra-Guard's skill-scan component excludes compiled Python bytecode files from analysis by hardcoding __pycache__ directories and .pyc/.pyo/.pyd extensions into skip lists across multiple scanning surfaces. Attackers can distribute skills with benign Python source files alongside malicious compiled bytecode that executes on import while the scanner reports a safe verdict, enabling code execution when operators install the skill.

Astro is a web framework for content-driven websites. Prior to 7.2.4, Astro stripped a configured non-root base path from request pathnames using a string-prefix check without verifying a path-segment boundary. With base "/app", a request to "/appX/admin" resolved internally to the protected "/admin" route while middleware observed "/appX/admin" in context.url.pathname. In applications that authorize base-prefixed routes by inspecting context.url.pathname, an unauthenticated remote attacker could bypass pathname-based middleware authorization and reach protected routes. This issue is fixed in version 7.2.4.

TOON is a compact, human-readable serialization of JSON data for LLM prompts. Prior to 2.3.1, decoding attacker-controlled TOON with a __proto__, constructor, or prototype key wrote through the object prototype chain instead of creating an own property, polluting Object.prototype for the runtime. In packages/toon/src/decode/expand.ts, the expandPaths: 'safe' path and insertPathSafe function made dotted keys such as a.__proto__.x the strongest vector, while plain nested objects, tabular rows, quoted keys, and streaming decode were also affected. The encoder also dropped own __proto__ properties and could invoke an inherited setter during normalization. Services that decode untrusted TOON could experience denial of service or, when a suitable downstream gadget is present, remote code execution. This issue is fixed in version 2.3.1.

Nuclio is a "Serverless" framework for Real-Time Events and Data Processing. Prior to version 1.17.4, the fix for unauthenticated OS command injection in the nuclio dashboard on the local/Docker platform is incomplete. The fix added validateFunctionName for function names and common.Quote() for the named-resource shell command path, but the list-all resource path (triggered when no specific resource name is provided) still interpolates the resourceNamespace parameter unquoted into a /bin/sh -c command string. An unauthenticated attacker can inject shell metacharacters via the X-Nuclio-Function-Namespace, X-Nuclio-Project-Namespace, or X-Nuclio-Function-Event-Namespace HTTP headers to achieve arbitrary command execution inside the dashboard container. This issue has been patched in version 1.17.4.

Nuclio is a "Serverless" framework for Real-Time Events and Data Processing. Prior to version 1.17.4, on the Nuclio local Docker platform, the function namespace is interpolated—unvalidated—into a double-quoted docker ps --filter "label=nuclio.io/namespace=<value>" command that is executed via the host shell (/bin/sh -c). Because the default auth kind is nop (unauthenticated), a remote attacker can inject arbitrary OS commands that run as root inside the dashboard container, which holds the Docker socket → host compromise. This issue has been patched in version 1.17.4.

Nuclio is a "Serverless" framework for Real-Time Events and Data Processing. From version 1.6.19 to before version 1.17.2, Nuclio's Dashboard build pipeline does not sanitize the spec.build.tempDir field before using it to construct a shell command. When the Kaniko container builder is enabled, a user with function-create permission can inject shell metacharacters into this field and achieve arbitrary command execution inside the Dashboard container, which runs with a Kubernetes service account holding wildcard access to Secrets, Pods, Jobs, and Deployments in its namespace. This issue has been patched in version 1.17.2.

Open edX Platform enables the authoring and delivery of online learning at any scale. Prior to commit 00b7c3c, the endpoint accepts user-supplied files[].url, performs a server-side fetch using "requests.get(url, allow_redirects=True)". The fetched bytes are then returned inside a ZIP response. This enables SSRF with response exfiltration. Redirect-following is enabled, and there is no timeout in the vulnerable fetch path. This issue has been patched via commit 00b7c3c.

Open edX Platform enables the authoring and delivery of online learning at any scale. Prior to commit 3a5ac85, a security vulnerability has been identified in the Open edX LMS platform's LTI (Learning Tools Interoperability) Provider implementation. The validate_timestamp_and_nonce function in lms/djangoapps/lti_provider/signature_validator.py does not validate OAuth nonces or timestamps, allowing an attacker who captures a valid LTI launch request to replay it an unlimited number of times without detection. This issue has been patched via commit 3a5ac85.

Open edX Platform enables the authoring and delivery of online learning at any scale. Prior to commit 59bb6d6, the view function set_course_mode_price() at lms/djangoapps/instructor/views/instructor_dashboard.py:430 is decorated only with @login_required and performs no course-level permission check. Any authenticated user — including a learner account with zero course roles — can issue a single POST request to overwrite the honor mode price and currency of any course on the platform. The companion frontend modal was removed in a prior cleanup, but the URL route and view remain live, making this an unguarded orphan endpoint. This issue has been patched via commit 59bb6d6.

Nuclio is a "Serverless" framework for Real-Time Events and Data Processing. Prior to version 1.16.5, Nuclio's Java runtime generates a build.gradle file during function builds using Go's text/template package. The template renders runtimeAttributes.repositories[] values with the {{ . }} action, which performs no escaping. An attacker can embed a closing brace (}) to break out of the repositories {} block and append arbitrary Groovy statements that execute unconditionally during the Gradle configuration phase. This issue has been patched in version 1.16.5.

Nuclio is a "Serverless" framework for Real-Time Events and Data Processing. Prior to version 1.16.5, Nuclio Dashboard exposes POST /api/functions without authentication by default (NOP auth mode). The spec.handler field (e.g., mymodule:myfunction) is parsed by functionconfig.ParseHandler() which splits on : only — no path validation is applied to the module portion. This issue has been patched in version 1.16.5.

Nuclio is a "Serverless" framework for Real-Time Events and Data Processing. Prior to version 1.16.4, the Nuclio controller builds a curl invocation string for each cron trigger and stores it as the args of a Kubernetes CronJob container (/bin/sh, -c, <command>). Two fields in the trigger specification flow into this string without adequate sanitization: event.headers keys and event.body. This issue has been patched in version 1.16.4.

Nuclio is a "Serverless" framework for Real-Time Events and Data Processing. Prior to version 1.16.0, there is a vulnerability in Nuclio Dashboard's project management API, allowing any authenticated user (without membership in the target project) to bypass OPA authorization checks on write paths (PUT /api/projects/{id}, DELETE /api/projects) and modify or delete any project along with all its associated resources (functions, API gateways, etc.). This issue has been patched in version 1.16.0.

Multiple vulnerabilities in the Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (S/MIME) decryption functionality of Cisco Secure Email could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to recover plain text from encrypted email messages. These vulnerabilities are due to insufficient validation of message integrity. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by using a machine-in-the-middle technique to intercept and modify traffic between email gateways. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to obtain plaintext content from the encrypted communication.

Multiple vulnerabilities in the Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (S/MIME) decryption functionality of Cisco Secure Email could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to recover plain text from encrypted email messages. These vulnerabilities are due to insufficient validation of message integrity. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by using a machine-in-the-middle technique to intercept and modify traffic between email gateways. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to obtain plaintext content from the encrypted communication.

A vulnerability in Cisco Desk Phone 9800 Series, Cisco IP Phone 7800 and 8800 Series, and Cisco Video Phone 8875 that are running Cisco Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition on an affected device. This vulnerability is due to improper memory management when an affected device processes HTTP packets. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a continuous stream of crafted HTTP packets to the device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause the affected device to continuously consume memory, resulting in a DoS condition.&nbsp;A manual reboot of the device is required to recover from this condition. Note: For this vulnerability to be exploitable, the phone must be registered to Cisco Unified Communications Manager (Unified CM) and have Web Access enabled. Web Access is disabled by default.

As part of Cisco's ongoing commitment to proactive security and product quality, the&nbsp;Cisco IOS XR Software engineering team has conducted a comprehensive internal security review. This review resulted in a software hardening releases that address multiple internally discovered vulnerabilities. The vulnerabilities tracked by CVE-2026-20280 are related to improper checking or handling of exceptional condition issues that are grouped under the Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) CWE-703.

As part of Cisco's ongoing commitment to proactive security and product quality, the Cisco IOS XR Software engineering team has conducted a comprehensive internal security review. This review resulted in a software hardening releases that address multiple internally discovered vulnerabilities. The vulnerabilities tracked by CVE-2026-20279 are related to improper access control issues that are grouped under the Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) CWE-284.

As part of Cisco's ongoing commitment to proactive security and product quality, the Cisco IOS XR Software engineering team has conducted a comprehensive internal security review. This review resulted in a software hardening releases that address multiple internally discovered vulnerabilities. The vulnerabilities tracked by CVE-2026-20278 are related to improper neutralization issues that are grouped under the Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) CWE-707.

As part of Cisco's ongoing commitment to proactive security and product quality, the Cisco IOS XR Software engineering team has conducted a comprehensive internal security review. This review resulted in a software hardening releases that address multiple internally discovered vulnerabilities. The vulnerabilities tracked by CVE-2026-20277 are related to protection mechanism failure issues that are grouped under the Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) CWE-693.

As part of Cisco's ongoing commitment to proactive security and product quality, the Cisco IOS XR Software engineering team has conducted a comprehensive internal security review. This review resulted in a software hardening releases that address multiple internally discovered vulnerabilities. The vulnerabilities tracked by CVE-2026-20276 are related to insufficient control flow management issues that are grouped under the Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) CWE-691.

As part of Cisco's ongoing commitment to proactive security and product quality, the Cisco IOS XR Software engineering team has conducted a comprehensive internal security review. This review resulted in a software hardening releases that address multiple internally discovered vulnerabilities. The vulnerabilities tracked by CVE-2026-20275 are related to incorrect calculation issues that are grouped under the Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) CWE-682.

As part of Cisco's ongoing commitment to proactive security and product quality, the Cisco IOS XR Software engineering team has conducted a comprehensive internal security review. This review resulted in a software hardening releases that address multiple internally discovered vulnerabilities. The vulnerabilities tracked by CVE-2026-20274 are related to improper resource control issues that are grouped under the Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) CWE-664.

A vulnerability in the Silicon One integration for Cisco Nexus 9000 Series Switches could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute code with&nbsp;root privileges. This vulnerability exists because TCP ports 43210 and 43211 are accessible in the default Layer 3 (L3) virtual routing and forwarding (VRF). A successful exploit could allow the attacker to connect to an affected device and send crafted input that could be executed as code with&nbsp;root privileges. The exploitation of this vulnerability could also cause the S1HAL process to crash, which could cause the device to reload.

A flaw was found in rpmuncompress. This command injection vulnerability allows a local attacker to execute arbitrary commands. This occurs when rpmuncompress processes a specially crafted archive filename containing shell metacharacters, which are not properly escaped before being passed to shell command strings. Successful exploitation requires user interaction, where a user or automated workflow invokes rpmuncompress on the malicious file, leading to high impact on the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data accessible to the invoking user.