CVE Database

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iommufd: Destroy the pages content after detaching from dmabuf Sashiko points out this has gotten out of order, the mutex could still be in use through the dmabuf invalidation callbacks. Don't destroy any of the pages content until the dmabuf is fully detached.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: mt76: use kfree_rcu for offchannel link in mt76_put_vif_phy_link mt76_put_vif_phy_link() frees the offchannel mlink with plain kfree() after rcu_assign_pointer(NULL). However, rcu_assign_pointer only prevents future RCU readers from obtaining the pointer -- it does not wait for existing readers that already hold it via rcu_dereference. The TX datapath (e.g. mt7996_mac_write_txwi) dereferences mlink->wcid and mlink->idx under rcu_read_lock. If a TX softirq obtained the pointer via rcu_dereference just before the NULL assignment, it will dereference freed memory after the kfree. struct mt76_vif_link already contains an rcu_head field that is unused at this free site -- a developer oversight, since the adjacent kfree_rcu_mightsleep call for rx_sc in the same function shows the pattern was understood. Replace kfree(mlink) with kfree_rcu(mlink, rcu_head).

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: mt76: mt7996: Fix possible token leak in mt7996_tx_prepare_skb() If link_conf or link_sta lookup fails in mt7996_tx_prepare_skb routine, mt7996 driver leaks an already allocated tx token. Fix the issue releasing the token in case of error.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: fix invalid pointer dereference in __btrfs_run_delayed_refs() In the beginning of the loop, we try to obtain a locked delayed ref head, if 'locked_ref' is currently NULL, by calling btrfs_select_ref_head(), which can return an error pointer. If the error pointer is -EAGAIN we do a continue and go back to the beginning of the loop, which will not try again to call btrfs_select_ref_head() since 'locked_ref' is no longer NULL but it's ERR_PTR(-EAGAIN), and then we do: spin_lock(&locked_ref->lock); against a ERR_PTR(-EAGAIN) value, generating an invalid pointer dereference. Fix this by ensuring that 'locked_ref' is set to NULL when btrfs_select_ref_head() returns ERR_PTR(-EAGAIN) and incrementing 'count' as well, to prevent infinite looping. We do this by doing a goto to the bottom of the loop that already sets 'locked_ref' to NULL and does a cond_resched(), with an increment to 'count' right before the goto. These measures were in place before the refactoring in commit 0110a4c43451 ("btrfs: refactor __btrfs_run_delayed_refs loop") but were unintentionally lost afterwards.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ixgbe: do not configure xps for XDP queues netif_set_xps_queue() should not be called for an XDP Tx queue, since such queues are not netdev-exposed. On systems with number of CPUs >=64, on E610 adapter, netdev is configured with maximum number queue pairs being 63 (due to MSI-X assignment), but configuring XDP results in 64 XDP queues. So, during XDP program load, when netif_set_xps_queue() is called for the last XDP queue, we get a WARNING with a call trace and KASAN report afterwards (if enabled). [ 2012.699800] WARNING: net/core/dev.c:2854 at __netif_set_xps_queue+0x116a/0x1e40, CPU#36: xdpsock/103668 [...] [ 2012.700029] RIP: 0010:__netif_set_xps_queue+0x116a/0x1e40 [ 2012.700035] Code: b6 34 06 48 89 f8 83 e0 07 83 c0 01 40 38 f0 7c 09 40 84 f6 0f 85 03 0a 00 00 0f b7 44 24 40 66 43 89 44 6a 18 e9 01 fb ff ff <0f> 0b e9 f2 ee ff ff 44 8b 44 24 44 45 85 c0 74 50 4d 85 e4 0f 84 [ 2012.700040] RSP: 0018:ffff8882369aeb28 EFLAGS: 00010246 [ 2012.700046] RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 000000000000003f RCX: 0000000000000000 [ 2012.700050] RDX: 1ffff1111da3d891 RSI: ffff888120e34250 RDI: ffff8888ed1ec488 [ 2012.700054] RBP: ffff888913281560 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: ffff8888ed1ec000 [ 2012.700058] R10: ffff8888a2e83180 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000007fa8 [ 2012.700061] R13: 000000000000003f R14: ffff888120e34854 R15: ffff8889132817c8 [ 2012.700065] FS: 00007fc8ea9ff740(0000) GS:ffff88884cefe000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 [ 2012.700069] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 [ 2012.700073] CR2: 00007f81c8000020 CR3: 00000002299f8006 CR4: 00000000007726f0 [ 2012.700077] PKRU: 55555554 [ 2012.700080] Call Trace: [ 2012.700084] <TASK> [ 2012.700087] ? ktime_get+0x61/0x150 [ 2012.700097] ? usleep_range_state+0x133/0x1b0 [ 2012.700108] ? __pfx_usleep_range_state+0x10/0x10 [ 2012.700114] netif_set_xps_queue+0x31/0x50 [ 2012.700119] ixgbe_configure_tx_ring+0x472/0x920 [ixgbe] [...] [ 2012.700486] ixgbe_xdp+0x38f/0x750 [ixgbe] [...] [ 2012.701094] BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in __netif_set_xps_queue+0x1ac5/0x1e40 [ 2012.701100] Write of size 4 at addr ffff88888d43cff8 by task xdpsock/103668 Skip XPS configuration for XDP Tx queues.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: NFSD: Handle layout stid in nfsd4_drop_revoked_stid() nfsd4_drop_revoked_stid() has no SC_TYPE_LAYOUT case, so when a client sends FREE_STATEID for an admin-revoked layout stid, the default branch releases cl_lock and returns without unhashing or releasing the stid. The stid remains in the IDR and on the per-client list until the client is destroyed. Remove the layout stid from the per-client list and call nfs4_put_stid() to drop the creation reference. When the refcount reaches zero, nfsd4_free_layout_stateid() handles the remaining cleanup: cancelling the fence worker, removing from the per-file list, and freeing the slab object.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Cancel special fields on map value recycle Map update and delete paths currently call bpf_obj_free_fields() when a value is being replaced or recycled. That makes field destruction depend on the context of the update/delete operation. For tracing programs this can include NMI context, where referenced kptr destructors, uptr unpinning, and graph root destruction are not generally safe. Introduce bpf_obj_cancel_fields() for the reusable-value path. It only performs NMI-safe cleanup for timer, workqueue, and task_work fields. Fields that need full destruction are left attached to the recycled value and are destroyed by the final cleanup path instead. Switch array and hashtab update/delete/recycle paths to this cancel helper. Keep bpf_obj_free_fields() for final map destruction and for bpf_mem_alloc destructors. Preallocated hashtabs do not have allocator destructors, so teardown continues to walk the normal and extra elements and fully destroy their fields. This deliberately relaxes the eager-free semantics of map update/delete for special fields. Programs that relied on a recycled map slot becoming empty immediately after update/delete were relying on behavior that cannot be implemented safely from every BPF execution context without offloading arbitrary destructors. There is a chance this change breaks programs making assumptions regarding the eager freeing of fields. If so, we can relax semantics to cancellation only when irqs_disabled() is true in the future. However, theoretically, map values that get reused eagerly already have weaker guarantees as parallel users can recreate freed fields before the new element becomes visible again.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vduse: hold vduse_lock across IDR lookup in open path vduse_dev_open() looks up struct vduse_dev through the IDR and then acquires dev->lock only after vduse_lock has been dropped. This leaves a window where a concurrent VDUSE_DESTROY_DEV can remove the same object from the IDR and free it before the open path locks the device, leading to a use-after-free. Close this race by keeping vduse_lock held until dev->lock has been acquired in the open path, matching the lock ordering already used by the destroy path.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vhost/vdpa: validate virtqueue index in mmap and fault paths vhost_vdpa_mmap() and vhost_vdpa_fault() use vma->vm_pgoff as a virtqueue index for get_vq_notification(), but they do not validate that the index is smaller than v->nvqs. The ioctl path already performs both a bounds check and array_index_nospec(), but the mmap/fault path only checks that the index fits in u16. This allows an out-of-range queue index to reach driver-specific get_vq_notification() callbacks. Fix this by extracting a unified vhost_vdpa_get_vq_notification() helper that validates the queue index against v->nvqs and applies array_index_nospec() before calling the driver callback. Both the mmap and fault paths use this helper, and the bounds checking is consolidated into a single location. From source inspection, the most defensible impact is out-of-bounds access in the callback path, potentially leading to invalid PFN remaps and crash/DoS.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: virtio: rtc: tear down old virtqueues before restore virtio_device_restore() resets the device and restores the negotiated features before calling ->restore(). viortc_freeze() intentionally leaves the existing virtqueues in place so the alarm queue can still wake the system, but viortc_restore() immediately calls viortc_init_vqs() without first deleting those old queues. If virtqueue reinitialization fails on virtio-pci, the transport error path can run vp_del_vqs() against a newly allocated vp_dev->vqs array while vdev->vqs still contains the old virtqueues. vp_del_vqs() then looks up queue state through the new array and can dereference a NULL info pointer in vp_del_vq(), crashing the guest kernel during restore. This can also happen during a non-faulty reinitialization, when one of the vp_find_vqs_msix() attempts is unsuccessful before a later attempt would succeed. Delete the stale virtqueues before rebuilding them. If restore fails before virtio_device_ready(), reuse the remove path to stop the device. Once the device is ready, return errors directly instead of deleting the virtqueues again.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vfio/qat: fix f_pos race in qat_vf_resume_write() qat_vf_resume_write() checks filp->f_pos before taking migf->lock, but copies into the migration-state buffer after taking the lock and re-reading the shared file position. Two concurrent writers could therefore pass the bounds check with the old offset, then have the second writer copy after the first advanced f_pos, writing past the end of the migration-state buffer. Take migf->lock before doing the boundary checks.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Tighten cgroup storage cookie checks for prog arrays The fix in commit abad3d0bad72 ("bpf: Fix oob access in cgroup local storage") is still incomplete. The prog-array compatibility check treats a program with no cgroup storage as compatible with any stored storage cookie. This allows a storage-less program to bridge a tail call chain between an entry program and a storage-using callee even though cgroup local storage at runtime still follows the caller's context, that is, A -> B(no storage) -> C(storage) path. Requiring exact cookie equality would break the legitimate case of a storage-less leaf program being tail called from a storage-using one. Instead, only accept a zero storage cookie if the program cannot perform tail calls itself. This keeps A -> B(no storage) working while rejecting the A -> B(no storage) -> C(storage) bridge.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: hci_core: Fix UAF in hci_unregister_dev() hci_unregister_dev() does not disable cmd_timer and ncmd_timer before the hci_dev structure is freed. If a timeout fires during device teardown, the callback dereferences freed memory (including the hdev->reset function pointer), leading to a use-after-free. Add disable_delayed_work_sync() calls alongside the existing disable_work_sync() calls to ensure both timers are fully quiesced before teardown proceeds.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: hci: validate codec capability element length Read Local Codec Capabilities returns a sequence of capability elements. Each element starts with a one-byte length followed by that many payload bytes. hci_read_codec_capabilities() checks that the skb contains the length byte, but then validates only caps->len against the remaining skb length. A malformed controller response with one remaining byte and caps->len set to one passes that check even though the element needs two bytes. The parser then records a two-byte capability and copies one byte beyond the advertised response payload into the codec list. Validate the full element size, including the length byte, before adding it to the accumulated capability length. This preserves all well-formed capability elements and drops only truncated controller responses.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: RDMA/mlx5: Fix undefined shift of user RQ WQE size set_rq_size() computes the RQ WQE size as "1 << rq_wqe_shift" based on the user-provided rq_wqe_shift, which is only checked to be greater than 32, so shifts of 32 are still accepted. A shift of 31 also overflows a signed integer, leading to undefined behavior. Use check_shl_overflow() to compute the RQ WQE size and reject any invalid values.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: RDMA/mlx5: Release the HW‑provided UAR index rather than the SW one Free the UAR index returned by the hardware.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ASoC: codecs: hdac_hdmi: Validate written enum value hdac_hdmi_set_pin_port_mux() uses the written enum value to index the texts array before calling snd_soc_dapm_put_enum_double(), which validates that the value is within the enum item range. An out-of-range value can therefore make the driver read past the texts array before the helper rejects the write. Move the lookup after the helper has accepted the value.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ASoC: meson: aiu: Validate written enum values The AIU HDMI and internal codec mux put callbacks use the written enum value with snd_soc_enum_item_to_val() before checking whether the value is valid for the enumeration. Reject out-of-range values before converting the enum item, matching the validation already done by the G12A HDMI and internal codec mux controls.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ASoC: fsl: fsl_audmix: Validate written enum values fsl_audmix_put_mix_clk_src() and fsl_audmix_put_out_src() convert the user-provided enum item with snd_soc_enum_item_to_val() before checking whether the item is within the enum's item count. The generic snd_soc_put_enum_double() helper performs that validation, but these callbacks use the converted value first: the clock-source path tests it with BIT(), and the output-source path indexes the prms transition table with it. Reject out-of-range enum items before converting them.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ASoC: tegra: tegra210_ahub: Validate written enum value tegra_ahub_put_value_enum() reads e->values[item[0]] before checking whether item[0] is within the enum item range. The existing check therefore happens too late to prevent an out-of-range read of the values array. Move the check before the array access.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv4: fib: Don't dump dying fib_info in fib_leaf_notify(). syzbot reported use-after-free in nsim_fib4_prepare_event(). [0] The problem is that the following functions call fib_info_hold() / refcount_inc() while dumping fib_info under RCU, which is unsafe. * mlxsw_sp_router_fib4_event() * rocker_router_fib_event() * nsim_fib4_prepare_event() refcount_inc_not_zero() must be used, but it would be too late there. Let's guarantee the lifetime of fib_info in fib_leaf_notify(). Note that IPv6 does not need the corresponding change since fib6_table_dump() holds fib6_table.tb6_lock. [0]: refcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free. WARNING: lib/refcount.c:25 at refcount_warn_saturate+0x9f/0x110 lib/refcount.c:25, CPU#0: kworker/u8:15/3420 Modules linked in: CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 3420 Comm: kworker/u8:15 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT_{RT,(full)} Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 04/18/2026 Workqueue: netns cleanup_net RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0x9f/0x110 lib/refcount.c:25 Code: eb 66 85 db 74 3e 83 fb 01 75 4c e8 1b f1 22 fd 48 8d 3d 84 cb f1 0a 67 48 0f b9 3a eb 4a e8 08 f1 22 fd 48 8d 3d 81 cb f1 0a <67> 48 0f b9 3a eb 37 e8 f5 f0 22 fd 48 8d 3d 7e cb f1 0a 67 48 0f RSP: 0018:ffffc9000f2c7270 EFLAGS: 00010293 RAX: ffffffff84a18858 RBX: 0000000000000002 RCX: ffff888032ff9ec0 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: ffffffff8f9353e0 RBP: 0000000000000000 R08: ffff888032ff9ec0 R09: 0000000000000005 R10: 0000000000000100 R11: 0000000000000004 R12: ffff8880570cc000 R13: dffffc0000000000 R14: ffff88802b40563c R15: ffff8880570cc000 FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff888126173000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 00007fb1f4d5d000 CR3: 000000006072a000 CR4: 00000000003526f0 Call Trace: <TASK> __refcount_add include/linux/refcount.h:-1 [inline] __refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:366 [inline] refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:383 [inline] fib_info_hold include/net/ip_fib.h:629 [inline] nsim_fib4_prepare_event drivers/net/netdevsim/fib.c:930 [inline] nsim_fib_event_schedule_work drivers/net/netdevsim/fib.c:1000 [inline] nsim_fib_event_nb+0x1055/0x1240 drivers/net/netdevsim/fib.c:1043 call_fib_notifier+0x45/0x80 net/core/fib_notifier.c:25 call_fib_entry_notifier net/ipv4/fib_trie.c:90 [inline] fib_leaf_notify net/ipv4/fib_trie.c:2176 [inline] fib_table_notify net/ipv4/fib_trie.c:2194 [inline] fib_notify+0x36b/0x5e0 net/ipv4/fib_trie.c:2217 fib_net_dump net/core/fib_notifier.c:70 [inline] register_fib_notifier+0x184/0x360 net/core/fib_notifier.c:108 nsim_fib_create+0x85d/0x9f0 drivers/net/netdevsim/fib.c:1596 nsim_dev_reload_create drivers/net/netdevsim/dev.c:1604 [inline] nsim_dev_reload_up+0x374/0x7c0 drivers/net/netdevsim/dev.c:1058 devlink_reload+0x501/0x8d0 net/devlink/dev.c:475 devlink_pernet_pre_exit+0x1ff/0x420 net/devlink/core.c:558 ops_pre_exit_list net/core/net_namespace.c:161 [inline] ops_undo_list+0x187/0x940 net/core/net_namespace.c:234 cleanup_net+0x56e/0x800 net/core/net_namespace.c:702 process_one_work kernel/workqueue.c:3314 [inline] process_scheduled_works+0xb5d/0x1860 kernel/workqueue.c:3397 worker_thread+0xa53/0xfc0 kernel/workqueue.c:3478 kthread+0x388/0x470 kernel/kthread.c:436 ret_from_fork+0x514/0xb70 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245 </TASK>

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: fib_rules: Don't dump dying fib_rule in fib_rules_dump(). rocker_router_fib_event() calls fib_rule_get() during RCU dump. If the fib_rule is dying, refcount_inc() will complain about it. Let's call refcount_inc_not_zero() in fib_rules_dump().

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: Stop leased rxq before uninstalling its memory provider netif_rxq_cleanup_unlease() tears down the memory provider that was installed on a physical RX queue through a netkit queue lease. It currently revokes the provider's DMA mappings before stopping the physical queue: __netif_mp_uninstall_rxq(virt_rxq, p); /* DMA unmap */ __netif_mp_close_rxq(phys_rxq->dev, rxq_idx, p); /* queue stop */ This inverts the ordering used by the regular teardown paths (normal device unregister and the io_uring zcrx close path), which stop the queue before revoking the provider's mappings. With the physical queue still live, its NAPI can keep consuming net_iov entries from the page_pool alloc cache after the __netif_mp_uninstall_rxq() has already cleared their dma_addr, opening a window for the device to DMA to a stale or zero address. Fix it by swapping the two calls so the queue is stopped (and its NAPI quiesced) before the provider is uninstalled. No functional regression was observed across repeated runs of the nk_qlease.py HW selftest, which exercises the lease teardown path; this was tested against fbnic QEMU emulation.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tipc: require net admin for TIPCv2 netlink mutators TIPCv2 registers mutating generic-netlink operations without admin permission flags. Generic netlink only checks CAP_NET_ADMIN when an operation sets GENL_ADMIN_PERM or GENL_UNS_ADMIN_PERM, so a local unprivileged process can currently change TIPC state through commands such as TIPC_NL_NET_SET, TIPC_NL_KEY_SET, TIPC_NL_KEY_FLUSH, and bearer enable/disable. The legacy TIPC netlink API already checks netlink_net_capable(..., CAP_NET_ADMIN) for administrative commands. Give the TIPCv2 mutators the equivalent generic-netlink gate. Use GENL_UNS_ADMIN_PERM, which maps to the same namespace-aware CAP_NET_ADMIN check that netlink_net_capable() performs, so the behaviour matches the legacy path and keeps working for CAP_NET_ADMIN holders in a non-initial user namespace (containers). A QEMU/KASAN repro run as uid/gid 65534 with zero effective capabilities previously succeeded in changing the network id and node identity, setting and flushing key material, and enabling/disabling a UDP bearer. With this patch applied the same operations fail with -EPERM.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tipc: prevent snt_unacked underflow on CONN_ACK tipc_sk_conn_proto_rcv() subtracts the peer-supplied connection ack count from the unsigned 16-bit send counter snt_unacked without checking that it does not exceed the number of messages actually outstanding: tsk->snt_unacked -= msg_conn_ack(hdr); msg_conn_ack() is read straight from a received CONN_MANAGER/CONN_ACK message. If the ack count is larger than snt_unacked, the subtraction wraps to a near-maximum value, leaving tsk_conn_cong() permanently true and starving the connection of further transmits. Validate the ACK count at the start of the CONN_ACK block and drop the message if it acknowledges more messages than are outstanding. A peer (or, for a local connection, the connected peer socket) can otherwise wedge a TIPC connection's send side by sending an oversized connection ack.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tipc: reject inverted service ranges from peer bindings tipc_update_nametbl() inserts a binding advertised by a peer node using the lower and upper service-range bounds taken directly from the wire, without checking that lower <= upper. The local bind path validates the ordering (tipc_uaddr_valid()), but the name-distribution path does not. A binding with lower > upper is inserted at the far end of the service-range rbtree (keyed on lower) where no lookup or withdrawal can ever match it (service_range_foreach_match() requires sr->lower <= end). The publication, its service_range node and the augmented rbtree entry are then leaked for the lifetime of the namespace, and there is no per-peer cap equivalent to TIPC_MAX_PUBL on locally created bindings. Reject inverted ranges in the network path as well. A peer node can otherwise leak unbounded binding-table memory by sending PUBLICATION items with lower > upper.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iommu/dma-iommu: Fix wrong scatterlist length assignment in P2PDMA path In iommu_dma_map_sg(), when handling PCI P2PDMA cases, the DMA length of the current scatterlist segment `s` is incorrectly assigned from the head entry `sg->length` instead of the current entry `s->length`. This typo causes all P2PDMA segments in the scatterlist to inherit the length of the first segment, leading to corrupted DMA lengths for multi- segment scatterlists. Fix this by using `s->length` instead of `sg->length`.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: cxl/region: Fix out-of-bounds access in cxl_cancel_auto_attach() In cxl_cancel_auto_attach(), it assumes cxled->pos is a valid index for accessing p->targets[]. However, cxled->pos can be set to negative errno in cxl_region_sort_targets() if cxl_calc_interleave_pos() fails. This causes the driver to use a negative index to access p->targets[], resulting in out-of-bounds access. Fix it by walking p->targets[] instead of using cxled->pos directly.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: handshake: Require admin permission for DONE command ACCEPT and DONE are the two downcalls of the handshake genl family, both intended for use by the trusted handshake agent (tlshd). ACCEPT already requires GENL_ADMIN_PERM; DONE has no privilege check at all. The fd-lookup in handshake_nl_done_doit() only confirms that some pending handshake request exists for the supplied sockfd; it does not authenticate the sender. An unprivileged process that guesses or observes a valid sockfd can therefore submit a DONE with HANDSHAKE_A_DONE_STATUS == 0, leaving the kernel consumer to proceed as if the handshake succeeded. A non-zero status on a forged DONE tears down a legitimate in-flight handshake before tlshd can report its real result.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: watchdog: fix refcount tracking races Blamed commit converted the untracked dev_hold()/dev_put() calls in the watchdog code to use the tracked dev_hold_track()/dev_put_track() (which were later renamed/interfaced to netdev_hold() and netdev_put()). By introducing dev->watchdog_dev_tracker to store the reference tracking information without adding synchronization between netdev_watchdog_up() and dev_watchdog(), it enabled the race condition where this pointer could be overwritten or freed concurrently, leading to the list corruption crash syzbot reported: list_del corruption, ffff888114a18c00->next is NULL kernel BUG at lib/list_debug.c:52 ! Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN PTI CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 91 Comm: kworker/u8:5 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(lazy) Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 05/09/2026 Workqueue: events_unbound linkwatch_event RIP: 0010:__list_del_entry_valid_or_report.cold+0x22/0x2a lib/list_debug.c:52 Call Trace: <TASK> __list_del_entry_valid include/linux/list.h:132 [inline] __list_del_entry include/linux/list.h:246 [inline] list_move_tail include/linux/list.h:341 [inline] ref_tracker_free+0x1a7/0x6c0 lib/ref_tracker.c:329 netdev_tracker_free include/linux/netdevice.h:4491 [inline] netdev_put include/linux/netdevice.h:4508 [inline] netdev_put include/linux/netdevice.h:4504 [inline] netdev_watchdog_down net/sched/sch_generic.c:600 [inline] dev_deactivate_many+0x28c/0xfe0 net/sched/sch_generic.c:1363 dev_deactivate+0x109/0x1d0 net/sched/sch_generic.c:1397 linkwatch_do_dev net/core/link_watch.c:184 [inline] linkwatch_do_dev+0xd3/0x120 net/core/link_watch.c:166 __linkwatch_run_queue+0x3a5/0x810 net/core/link_watch.c:240 linkwatch_event+0x8f/0xc0 net/core/link_watch.c:314 process_one_work+0xa0e/0x1980 kernel/workqueue.c:3314 process_scheduled_works kernel/workqueue.c:3397 [inline] worker_thread+0x5ef/0xe50 kernel/workqueue.c:3478 kthread+0x370/0x450 kernel/kthread.c:436 ret_from_fork+0x69a/0xc80 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245 This patch has three coordinated parts: 1) Add dev->watchdog_lock and dev->watchdog_ref_held to serialize watchdog operations. 2) Remove netdev_watchdog_up() call from netif_carrier_on(): This ensures netdev_watchdog_up() is only called from process/BH context (via linkwatch workqueue dev_activate()), allowing us to use spin_lock_bh() for synchronization. 3) Synchronize watchdog up and watchdog timer: Protect netdev_watchdog_up() with tx_global_lock and watchdog_lock. Only allocate a new tracker in netdev_watchdog_up() if one is not already present. In dev_watchdog(), ensure we don't release the tracker if the timer was rescheduled either by dev_watchdog() itself or concurrently by netdev_watchdog_up().